April 15, 2024 [crocon media – msc] In the ever-evolving landscape of digital currencies, Bitcoin stands out not only as a pioneer but also as a beacon of how modern financial ecosystems can mirror traditional economic theories. In this article, we delve into the intriguing parallels between Dietrich Gottwald’s “Allocation of exhaustible resources in oligopolistic markets: A dynamic game approach” and the mechanisms governing Bitcoin’s market dynamics. By drawing on Gottwald’s insights into the management of exhaustible resources, we aim to shed light on the underlying principles that drive the valuation and allocation of Bitcoin. From its capped supply influencing market value to the impact of technological innovations and market forces on its trading dynamics, Bitcoin exemplifies many aspects of Gottwald’s theoretical framework. This exploration not only enhances our understanding of Bitcoin’s current state but also offers a predictive glance at its future trajectory in the financial world.

Application to Bitcoin

1. Exhaustibility: Bitcoin is an exhaustible resource, as the maximum number of Bitcoins available is capped at 21 million. Similar to physical exhaustible resources that Gottwald considers, this limitation influences the value and allocation strategy of Bitcoins.

2. Time Preference and Discounting: Investors who hold or mine Bitcoin must decide when to sell to maximize utility. Gottwald’s theory emphasizes the importance of time preference, which is the valuation of future returns versus present returns. In the Bitcoin world, this means weighing potential future price increases against the immediate proceeds from selling.

3. Technological Change and Substitute Technologies: The development of new blockchain technologies or more efficient mining techniques can affect the value and use of Bitcoin. According to Gottwald’s theory, such technological advancements would influence the economic decisions of miners and holders by altering the cost-benefit analysis.

4. Market Mechanisms and Price Adjustments: According to Gottwald, market mechanisms lead to the efficient allocation and use of exhaustible resources through price adjustments. In Bitcoin, changes in supply and demand, geopolitical uncertainties, and regulatory developments cause price fluctuations that impact investors and users.

5. Future Expectations and Uncertainties: The dynamic theory also considers the role of expectations and uncertainties about the future. In the context of Bitcoin, this means that expectations about future regulations, technological advancements, and market dynamics are crucial.

Gottwald’s theory provides a framework for understanding how Bitcoin, as a limited resource, is managed and utilized. Principles of time preference, technological progress, and market mechanisms are critical for decision-making within the Bitcoin community. This theoretical perspective helps to comprehend the complex dynamics behind the allocation and valuation of Bitcoin, akin to those of traditional exhaustible resources.

To project the hypothetical annual appreciation of Bitcoin over the next 12 years, we consider various scenarios that reflect Bitcoin’s potential in response to technological adoption, market dynamics, halving events, and the growing user base. We start with a base value of $50,000 for Bitcoin, leveraging current estimates.

Assumptions:

Technological Adoption: Integration of AI, Blockchain, and other crypto-relevant technologies.
User Base Growth: Following the adoption curve similar to the internet’s early days, where user numbers grow exponentially.
Halvings: Occurring approximately every four years (2024, 2028, 2032), halving the mining reward and historically leading to price increases due to reduced new Bitcoin supply.
Market Cycles: Including typical boom-and-bust cycles of the crypto market.

The scenarios consider these variables:

Bearish: Moderate technology adoption and lower-than-expected growth in user base.
Conservative: Steady growth in technology and user base without major market disruptions.
Bullish: Strong acceptance of technology and a significant increase in user numbers, influenced by positive regulatory developments.
Extremely Bullish: Very strong technology adoption and exponential growth in user numbers, similar to the early adoption phase of the internet.
Hyper Bullish: An ARK Invest-inspired scenario envisioning extremely high growth rates and breakthroughs in technologies like AI and Blockchain, leading to massive expansion in adoption and exponential price growth.

Hypothetical Appreciation – Table

Year	Bearish (%)	Conservative (%)	Bullish (%)	Extremely Bullish (%)	Hyper Bullish (%)	Estimated BTC Price (Bearish)	Estimated BTC Price (Conservative)	Estimated BTC Price (Bullish)	Estimated BTC Price (Extremely Bullish)	Estimated BTC Price (Hyper Bullish)
2024	+10%	+20%	+30%	+40%	+50%	$55,000	$60,000	$65,000	$70,000	$75,000
2025	+5%	+15%	+25%	+35%	+45%	$57,750	$69,000	$81,250	$94,500	$108,750
2026	+5%	+10%	+20%	+30%	+40%	$60,638	$75,900	$97,500	$122,850	$152,250
2027	+3%	+8%	+18%	+28%	+38%	$62,457	$81,972	$115,050	$157,248	$210,105
2028	+10%	+20%	+30%	+40%	+50%	$68,703	$98,367	$149,565	$220,147	$315,158
2029	+5%	+15%	+25%	+35%	+45%	$72,138	$113,122	$186,956	$297,198	$456,979
2030	+5%	+10%	+20%	+30%	+40%	$75,745	$124,434	$224,348	$386,358	$639,771
2031	+3%	+8%	+18%	+28%	+38%	$78,017	$134,389	$264,731	$494,538	$882,864
2032	+10%	+20%	+30%	+40%	+50%	$85,819	$161,267	$344,150	$692,353	$1,324,296
2033	+5%	+15%	+25%	+35%	+45%	$90,110	$185,457	$430,188	$934,676	$1,920,230
2034	+5%	+10%	+20%	+30%	+40%	$94,616	$204,003	$516,226	$1,215,079	$2,688,322
2035	+3%	+8%	+18%	+28%	+38%	$97,454	$220,323	$608,947	$1,555,301	$3,709,885

Analysis

In this scenario, the rate of adoption of Bitcoin and related technologies steadily increases, particularly in the “Extremely Bullish” and “Hyper Bullish” models, reflected by higher annual growth percentages. These models consider significant technological penetration and institutional acceptance, aligned with predictions and analyses by ARK Invest.

The major uptick starts from 2028, marked by the halving and intensified technology adoption leading to increased demand and decreased supply. This illustrates the importance of incorporating technological trends and macroeconomic factors into the investment strategy to understand the potential long-term impacts on Bitcoin’s price.

Based on Dietrich Gottwald’s “Allocation of exhaustible resources in oligopolistic markets: A dynamic game approach” and considering the hypothetical value appreciation models for Bitcoin over the next 12 years, we can draw a comprehensive conclusion that interlinks the dynamics of supply and demand, technology adoption, and economic context.

Core Points of the Theory and Their Application to Bitcoin

1. Resource Scarcity and Value Appreciation:

Bitcoin, similar to exhaustible resources, has a fixed cap (21 million coins), leading to natural scarcity. This scarcity is a key driver of long-term value for Bitcoin, especially in the context of the regular halvings that further reduce the supply.

2. Time Preferences and Investment Behavior:

Investors need to decide on the optimal time to buy or sell based on their expectations of future price movements and the availability of coins. This significantly influences market dynamics, as decisions are based on forecasts about future market conditions and technological developments.

3. Technological Advances and Adoption Rate:

Assuming that the adoption rate of Bitcoin follows a similar trajectory to that of the internet, we can expect an exponential increase in demand. Coupled with advanced blockchain technologies and the integration of Bitcoin into broader financial and economic systems, this could substantially enhance the usability and thus the value of Bitcoin.

4. Market Influences and Macroeconomic Factors:

Geopolitical tensions, economic policy decisions, and global financial market trends directly impact Bitcoin’s price development. As “digital gold,” Bitcoin can serve as a safe haven during times of economic uncertainty or inflation, which boosts demand further.

Conclusion and Long-term Perspective

Using the dynamic allocation theory of exhaustible resources, it appears that Bitcoin is at a critical point in its evolution. The coming years could be characterized by significant value increases, driven by technological breakthroughs, rising adoption rates, and the increasing integration of cryptocurrencies into the global economic system. The scenarios range from moderate growth in the bearish case to extreme growth in the hyper-bullish model, which is based on strong technological adoption and the exponential increase in user numbers.

For investors and market observers, this means that strategic positioning and a deep understanding of the underlying market and technology dynamics are crucial. The ability to recognize and respond to long-term trends will determine whether and how one can profit from Bitcoin’s growth potential. Gottwald’s theoretical insights support the view that Bitcoin, like other exhaustible resources, should be carefully managed and strategically utilized to generate long-term value.

Dietrich Gottwald was a distinguished German economist, business leader, and prolific author, born on April 23, 1953, in Cologne, Germany. He passed away on January 9, 2024, leaving behind a legacy of significant contributions to both the academic and corporate worlds.

Framework : Allocation of exhaustible resources in oligopolistic markets: A dynamic game approach

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July 20, 2023 [crocon media – dgoldsmith] DeFi Technologies Inc. (NEO: DEFI) (GR: MB9) (OTC: DEFTF), a pioneer in merging traditional capital markets with decentralized finance (DeFi), is excited to announce a collaboration between its subsidiary, Valour Inc., and Bitcoin Suisse AG. The partnership aims to develop Exchange Traded Products (ETPs) backed by physical digital assets, marking a significant advancement in the digital asset market.

Bitcoin Suisse, a trusted Swiss crypto-native investment partner, will contribute its expertise in asset management and advisory services to create leading crypto investments for professional and institutional partners. This collaboration capitalizes on Valour’s ABS issuance platform, ETP operational know-how, and established marketing channels, complemented by Bitcoin Suisse’s renowned brand and extensive experience in the crypto sector.

Olivier Roussy Newton, CEO of DeFi Technologies and Director of Valour, stated, “The collaboration signifies an exciting development in the digital assets space. Our partnership with Bitcoin Suisse, leveraging our issuance platform and operational expertise, will provide investors with robust and diversified investment opportunities.”

Dr. Dirk Klee, CEO of Bitcoin Suisse, expressed his enthusiasm, saying, “We are excited to cooperate with Valour and provide our expertise to create leading crypto investments. This partnership represents an important step toward becoming the leading crypto investment partner in Switzerland and other target markets.”

The collaboration builds on Valour’s recent launch of the 1Valour Bitcoin Physical Carbon Neutral ETP, a physically backed digital asset platform. The ETPs are secured by regulated custody providers, ensuring security and transparency. Additionally, Valour offers fully hedged digital asset ETPs listed across European exchanges, banks, and broker platforms.

With a dedicated focus on industry-leading Web3 technologies, DeFi Technologies aims to revolutionize the financial ecosystem by providing widespread investor access to the future of finance. Backed by a team of experts experienced in financial markets and digital assets, the company is committed to driving innovation and reshaping the way individuals and institutions interact with decentralized finance.

Bitcoin Suisse, founded in 2013, has been instrumental in the development of the Swiss crypto and blockchain ecosystem. As a leader in the ‘Crypto Valley’ and the ‘Crypto Nation Switzerland,’ the company offers a range of crypto-financial services, including brokerage, custody, lending, staking, and payment solutions.

This collaboration between DeFi Technologies, Valour Inc., and Bitcoin Suisse marks a significant milestone in the crypto investment landscape. By combining expertise and resources, the partners aim to provide investors with enhanced opportunities in the growing digital asset market.

For more information about Bitcoin Suisse, visit https://bitcoinsuisse.com.

About DeFi Technologies Inc. DeFi Technologies Inc. is a crypto-native technology company that merges traditional capital markets with decentralized finance (DeFi), aiming to provide widespread investor access to the future of finance.

About Valour Inc. Valour Inc., a subsidiary of DeFi Technologies Inc., issues exchange traded products (ETPs) that enable retail and institutional investors to access digital assets like Bitcoin in a simple and secure way via their traditional bank accounts.

For more information about Valour, visit https://valour.com.

Note: The viewpoints expressed in the article are not attributed to any specific individuals but represent a synthesis of opinions from a Wall Street analyst and a crypto specialist.

Read the press release : https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/defi-technologies-wholly-owned-subsidiary-valour-inc-announces-groundbreaking-collaboration-with-bitcoin-suisse-ag-on-physical-backed-digital-asset-exchange-traded-products-301879195.html

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